Title:	Decentralizované řešení dopravní úlohy : experimentální přístup
Other Titles:	Decentralized solution of transportation problem : experimental approach
Authors:	Martinčík, David Sojková, Olga Aleš, Radek
Citation:	Trendy v podnikání = Business trends : vědecký časopis Fakulty ekonomické ZČU v Plzni. 2015, č. 1, s. 32-44.
Issue Date:	2015
Publisher:	Západočeská univerzita v Plzni
Document type:	článek article
URI:	http://www.fek.zcu.cz/tvp/doc/akt/tvp-1-2015-clanek-4.pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11025/16351
ISSN:	1805-0603
Keywords:	management;dopravní problém;experimentální ekonomie;lineární programování;decentralizované řešení
Keywords in different language:	management;transportation problem;experimental economics;linear programming;decentralized solution
Abstract in different language:	Transportation costs minimization is one of the important questions in practice. The operations research developed a lot of analytical or heuristic methods of solution of costs minimization problems. On the other hand we can find in the literature only a small effort to apply the experimental economics approach for studying this problem. This article presents the design and results a laboratory experiment which deals with this issue. The methodology of experimental economics was applied to transportation economics rigorously. The simple transportation problem was designed as a game among carriers and consumers where each of them competes with all the others. The experiment was conducted with 324 undergraduate students divided in 36 experimental groups, in which they played either the role of carriers or the role of customers. The carriers knew the transportation cost for delivering one piece of good to each customer while the customers did not. The goal of the competitive carriers was maximizing their own profit, i.e. revenue minus transportation cost and they had to sell all initial endowment of the goods. The goal of customers was to buy specified quantity of goods and spent money as little as possible. Three different auctions were used: double, demand and supply. Double auction was continuous auction where the counterparts bargain face to face without any limitation. The demand auction was the sequence of rounds of posted offer auction where the consumers made the offer of how much and for what price they are willing to buy and the carriers decide to accept or refuse it. The supply auction was simple opposite. Our experiment results show that the competition and own profit intending are sufficient conditions for achieving very low total transportation cost near to the minimum. On the other hand the types of auctions do not affect the results. In general, the decentralised, i.e. market, solution could be very good and it may not be necessary at the top management level to centralise all the information, set-up and solve the model which increase additional costs. Especially in the situation of rapidly changing market situation can be profitable to save this additional cost and leave the firm's divisions to act autonomously.
Rights:	© Západočeská univerzita v Plzni
Appears in Collections:	Číslo 1 (2015) Články / Articles (KEM) Číslo 1 (2015)

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