Název:	Molecular sieving of tetraalkylammonium cations on cation exchange systems in DC electric field
Autoři:	Polezhaev, Petr Belloň, Tomàš Kurospajeva, Nazerke Chroust Vobeckà, Lucie Slouka, Zdeněk
Citace zdrojového dokumentu:	POLEZHAEV, P., BELLOŇ, T., KUROSPAJEVA, N. C. H., VOBECKÀ, L., SLOUKA, Z. Molecular sieving of tetraalkylammonium cations on cation exchange systems in DC electric field. Separation and purification technology, 2020, roč. 241, č. JUN 15 2020, s. [1-8]. ISSN 1383-5866.
Datum vydání:	2020
Nakladatel:	Elsevier
Typ dokumentu:	článek article
URI:	2-s2.0-85079606756 http://hdl.handle.net/11025/39581
ISSN:	1383-5866
Klíčová slova v dalším jazyce:	Membrane fouling;Heterogeneous cation exchange membranes;Cation exchange resin particles;Electroconvection;Water splitting
Abstrakt v dalším jazyce:	Ion exchange membranes and ion exchange resin particles are widely used in electro-membrane separation processes such as electrodeionization and electrodialysis. The internal structure of these ion exchange systems implicitly determines their properties, which, in turn, strongly affect the efficiency of the separation process. Here, we indirectly investigate the internal structure of a heterogeneous cation exchange membrane and cation exchange resin particles with the use of homologous series of tetraalkylammonium chlorides. The tetraalkylammonium cations form a series of cations of various sizes amendable for sieving on the studied systems. This series is used for determination of the cation of critical size. The performed experimental study focuses oninvestigating characteristic features of current-voltage curves measured for individual tetraalkylammonium chloride solutions and their effect on water splitting reaction and electroconvection. Our experimental data show that while tetramethyl-, tetraethyl-, and tetrapropylammonium cations can easily be exchanged by both the membranes and the resin particles, tetrapentyl- and tetrahexylammonium cations are poorly exchanged by both studied systems due to their size. Tetrabutylammonium cation, possessing the Stokes diameter of around 1 nm, turns out to be the cation with the critical size. We observe a strong effect of the counterion size on the occurrence of electroconvection that is pertinent to the overlimiting region of the ion exchange systems. While small counterions allow intensive electroconvection to develop, large counterions have a damping effect on the electroconvective motion. The measurement of the pH changes in our systems during chronoamperometric experiments indicates that water splitting takes place in none of them. Our results classify counterions into two groups based on their ability to pass through theinvestigated cation exchange systems. The first group includes counterions easily exchanged by the ion exchange system. The other group contains cations that cannot be exchanged due to their size. The counterions from the second group are possible foulants with increased potential for adsorption onto the cation exchange systems due to strong electrostatic attractions. Our technique can be used for the determination of critical sizes of other cation exchange systems.
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Vyskytuje se v kolekcích:	Články / Articles OBD

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