In the paper, we analyze several key philosophical approaches to objective knowledge (Descartes, Kant), which we described as “speculative”, that is theoretical and independent of experience. Our interpretation is based on the argument that the demarcation between speculative philosophy and empir...

Objectivity, as one of the key attributes of science, has become an indispensable part of its ethos and a central theme of the philosophy of science. As such, it has been the subject of philosophical reflection by a number of authors. In our project – in which b...

In this paper, we propose the following hypothesis: the hard problem of consciousness is in part an artifact of what we call the unitary approach to phenomenal consciousness. The defining mark of the unitary approach is that it views consciousness and phenomenality as inseparable.&...

The study addresses different accounts of divine ideas within scholastic nominalism between the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries (the sample includes William Ockham and the reception of his work by Biel, Mair, and Arriaga). The basic topics within that tradition are the logico-semantical...

Early Christian had long known the old Syrian tradition that identified the Apostle Thomas, known also as Thomas Judas Didymos, as Jesus' brother Judas and moreover, this tradition considered him, accordig to his sobriquet Thomas (Aramaic for twin) and Didymos (in Greek also me...

Although the academic etiquette is daily applied in the world of academia and international conferences, it still remains a largely uncharted territory. Some coded rules emerged with the establishment of first universities in the 12th century; at present, some specific rules are directl...

Intellectual and literary circles, communities, and networks were a significant feature of Renaissance and early modern literary culture, playing a crucial part in nurturing intellectual communication and the circulation of knowledge. My contribution here is to focus on the particular intellectua...

In this article, we describe how David Hilbert (1862–1943) understood the arithmetisation of geometry in the book Grundlagen der Geometrie from 1899. First, we introduce Hilbert’s forerunners from the same period who were either asking for changes in the foundations of geometry or ...

In this paper, we defend the value free ideal (VFI) in the philosophy of science by extending Stephen John’s argument. We do so by showing that the methodological critique about VFI is unsatisfactory and offering an alternative solution by arguing that endorsing the so-called ...

This paper is a sequel of “Anaxagoras on the Milky Way and Lunar Eclipses” (Couprie 2017). Doxographic reports state that, according to Anaxagoras, the moon receives its light from the sun. Most authors understand it as meaning “the moon reflects the light of the sun”. Th...

Anaxagoras is commonly known as the discoverer of the true explanation of eclipses of the moon as caused by the earth’s shadow. Anaxagoras is also said to have explained the phenomenon of the Milky Way as caused by the earth’s shadow. In this paper, the two theories&...

In this article we introduce, which influence there were between the community of scientists around the famous mathematician David Hilbert /1862-1943/ during his Göttingen time. We strive to present the social context of the university and the links between the articles by his...